The application of underwater robots in the monitoring and recovery of oil spills at sea.

Shipping is the link between world economic development and trade circulation. At present, more than 80% of the world's trade is done by sea, especially oil, oil spill pollution is the most frequent occurrence of various types of marine pollution, the widest distribution area, the greatest degree of harm. Many ship pollution accidents in the world have caused huge losses of environmental resources. According to statistics, from 1965 to 1997, from 1965 to 1997, there were 79 oil spills from ships in the world with a total of more than 10,000 tons of oil, and the total oil spill was 4.146 million tons. These oil slicks would kill the people in the waters. Marine life brings serious ecological pollution to the ocean.

The so-called "submerged oil" often refers to heavy oil with low volatility (ignition point higher than 65°C) and semi-solid state. Submersible oil is sinking and semi-submersible in seawater. After landing, it is in the form of viscous particles. It is difficult to find through conventional marine patrols and equipment monitoring, which seriously affects the healthy development of marine aquaculture, tourism economy and ecological environment. Therefore, the problem of submerged oil pollution has become the focus of attention of my country's marine environmental management departments.

Conventional treatment schemes for submersible oil are mainly physical adsorption and chemical decomposition. When the amount of submerged oil distribution is small, special adsorbent materials can be used to absorb oil pollution. When the amount of distribution is large, chemical decomposition is generally used to decompose the submerged oil into small particles of oil with a dispersant, which is not friendly to the marine environment.

At present, the simplest and effective method is to rely on a lot of manpower, such as visual observation, diver observation, static adsorption system, etc., but it can only monitor a small area.

In 2018, Hebei Maritime Safety Administration adopted Boya Gongdao's oil spill recovery technology program to monitor and recover oil spilled at sea in Bohai Bay. The intelligent cable-controlled unmanned submarine is used to detect oil spills at sea, and the oil spills are recovered by carrying recovery devices.

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